Svensk definition
En generaliserad epileptisk sjukdom som kännetecknas av återkommande, svårartade, motoriska anfall ("grand mal"). Den inledande toniska fasen kännetecknas av en böjning av bålen som åtföljs av sträckning av extremiteter och bål. Den klonisk fasen utmärks av rytmiska flexorryckningar i bål, armar och ben, pupillvidgning, blodtrycks- och pulsökning, urinavgång och bitande i tungan. Därpå försjunker den drabbade i medvetslöshet (det postiktala stadiet), som inom minuter till någon timme gradvis avtar. Epilepsin kan vara kryptogen, ärftlig eller symtomatisk (dvs en följd av annan, befintlig sjukdom eller skada).
Engelsk definition
A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329)
Svenska synonymer
Grand mal-epilepsi — Tonisk-kloniskt anfall — Familjär tonisk-klonisk epilepsi
Engelska synonymer
Epilepsies, Tonic-Clonic — Epilepsy, Tonic Clonic — Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies — Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy — Epilepsy, Grand Mal — Grand Mal Epilepsy — Epilepsy, Major — Major Epilepsies — Major Epilepsy — Grand Mal Seizure Disorder — Major Motor Seizure Disorder — Tonic-Clonic Seizure Syndrome — Seizure Syndrome, Tonic-Clonic — Seizure Syndromes, Tonic-Clonic — Syndrome, Tonic-Clonic Seizure — Syndromes, Tonic-Clonic Seizure — Tonic Clonic Seizure Syndrome — Tonic-Clonic Seizure Syndromes — Seizure Disorder, Major Motor — Seizure Disorder, Tonic Clonic — Tonic Clonic Convulsions — Convulsion, Tonic Clonic — Convulsions, Tonic Clonic — Tonic Clonic Convulsion — Tonic-Clonic Convulsion Disorder — Convulsion Disorder, Tonic-Clonic — Convulsion Disorders, Tonic-Clonic — Disorder, Tonic-Clonic Convulsion — Disorders, Tonic-Clonic Convulsion — Tonic Clonic Convulsion Disorder — Tonic-Clonic Convulsion Disorders — Tonic-Clonic Convulsion Syndrome — Convulsion Syndrome, Tonic-Clonic — Convulsion Syndromes, Tonic-Clonic — Syndrome, Tonic-Clonic Convulsion — Syndromes, Tonic-Clonic Convulsion — Tonic Clonic Convulsion Syndrome — Tonic-Clonic Convulsion Syndromes — Tonic-Clonic Seizure Disorder — Disorder, Tonic-Clonic Seizure — Disorders, Tonic-Clonic Seizure — Seizure Disorder, Tonic-Clonic — Seizure Disorders, Tonic-Clonic — Tonic Clonic Seizure Disorder — Tonic-Clonic Seizure Disorders — Convulsions, Grand Mal — Convulsion, Grand Mal — Grand Mal Convulsion — Grand Mal Convulsions — Seizure Disorder, Grand Mal — Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic, Symptomatic — Symptomatic Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy — Epilepsies, Symptomatic Tonic-Clonic — Epilepsy, Symptomatic Tonic-Clonic — Symptomatic Tonic Clonic Epilepsy — Symptomatic Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies — Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies, Symptomatic — Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy, Symptomatic — Cryptogenic Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy — Cryptogenic Tonic Clonic Epilepsy — Cryptogenic Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies — Epilepsies, Cryptogenic Tonic-Clonic — Epilepsy, Cryptogenic Tonic-Clonic — Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies, Cryptogenic — Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy, Cryptogenic — Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic, Cryptogenic — Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic, Familial — Familial Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy — Epilepsies, Familial Tonic-Clonic — Epilepsy, Familial Tonic-Clonic — Familial Tonic Clonic Epilepsy — Familial Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies — Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies, Familial — Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy, Familial